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Research Article
Online Published: 27 May 2020
 


The In vitro Antibacterial Effects of Ficus sycomorus Stem Bark Extracts on Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli

Isah Musa, Sule Sahabi Manga, Amina Muhammad, Zainab Yusuf Tondi, Murtala Saadu.


Abstract
Phytochemical screening and in vitro antibacterial activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Ficus sycomorus L. stem bark were investigated. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, reducing sugar, glycosides, steroids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins. Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli were used to investigate the antibacterial activity of the plant extract using disc diffusion. The extracts inhibited the growth of all the tested bacteria at different concentrations. Ethanolic extract exhibited higher antibacterial activity (with inhibition zones of 25.6±0.33 mm and 20.5±0.26 mm against S. typhi and E. coli, respectively) than the aqueous extract (with inhibition zones of 20.0±0.33 mm and 18.4±0.59 mm against S. typhi and E. coli, respectively) at 100 mg/ml concentration. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the F. sycomorus stem bark aqueous and ethanolic extracts on S. typhi and E. coli were in the range of 12.5-6.25 mg/ml and 6.25-1.56 mg/ml, respectively. Minimum bactericidal concentration ranged from 3.12-25.0 mg/ml on the tested bacteria. The results showed that the plant extracts have potent antimicrobial activity on the tested bacteria which supports its use in herbal medicine and could be used to synthesize a novel antimicrobial agent for the treatment of diarrhea, dysentery and typhoid fever.

Key words: Key words: Antibacterial activity, Ficus sycomorus L., Stem bark, In vitro, Phytochemical


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Musa I, Manga SS, Muhammad A, Tondi ZY, Saadu M. The In vitro Antibacterial Effects of Ficus sycomorus Stem Bark Extracts on Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli. Equijost. 2020; 7(1): 108-113.

Web Style

Musa I, Manga SS, Muhammad A, Tondi ZY, Saadu M. The In vitro Antibacterial Effects of Ficus sycomorus Stem Bark Extracts on Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli. https://www.equijost.com/?mno=98201 [Access: June 22, 2026].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Musa I, Manga SS, Muhammad A, Tondi ZY, Saadu M. The In vitro Antibacterial Effects of Ficus sycomorus Stem Bark Extracts on Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli. Equijost. 2020; 7(1): 108-113.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Musa I, Manga SS, Muhammad A, Tondi ZY, Saadu M. The In vitro Antibacterial Effects of Ficus sycomorus Stem Bark Extracts on Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli. Equijost. (2020), [cited June 22, 2026]; 7(1): 108-113.


Harvard Style

Musa, I., Manga, . S. S., Muhammad, . A., Tondi, . Z. Y. & Saadu, . M. (2020) The In vitro Antibacterial Effects of Ficus sycomorus Stem Bark Extracts on Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli. Equijost, 7 (1), 108-113.


Turabian Style

Musa, Isah, Sule Sahabi Manga, Amina Muhammad, Zainab Yusuf Tondi, and Murtala Saadu. 2020. The In vitro Antibacterial Effects of Ficus sycomorus Stem Bark Extracts on Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli. Equity Journal of Science and Technology, 7 (1), 108-113.


Chicago Style

Musa, Isah, Sule Sahabi Manga, Amina Muhammad, Zainab Yusuf Tondi, and Murtala Saadu. "The In vitro Antibacterial Effects of Ficus sycomorus Stem Bark Extracts on Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli." Equity Journal of Science and Technology 7 (2020), 108-113.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Musa, Isah, Sule Sahabi Manga, Amina Muhammad, Zainab Yusuf Tondi, and Murtala Saadu. "The In vitro Antibacterial Effects of Ficus sycomorus Stem Bark Extracts on Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli." Equity Journal of Science and Technology 7.1 (2020), 108-113. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Musa, I., Manga, . S. S., Muhammad, . A., Tondi, . Z. Y. & Saadu, . M. (2020) The In vitro Antibacterial Effects of Ficus sycomorus Stem Bark Extracts on Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli. Equity Journal of Science and Technology, 7 (1), 108-113.




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