Quarterly hour variation of surface refractivity and its relation to some atmospheric parameters in Ilorin, North-central Nigeria

SANI MUHAMMED OTTO; FALAIYE ADENIRAN OLUWASESAN; OLADIRAN JOHNSON ABIMBOLA; AHMED ABDULLAHI SULE; AISHA ADEMOH BELLO; DANYARIMA ABUBAKAR ABDULLAHI; ABE AYOOLA; OLANREWAJU BUKOLA DADA

doi:10.5455/EQUIJOST.161008

2024, Vol: 11, Issue: 2

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Research Article
Online Published: 21 Sep 2024

Equijost. 2024; 11(1): 1-10

doi: 10.5455/EQUIJOST.161008

Quarterly hour variation of surface refractivity and its relation to some atmospheric parameters in Ilorin, North-central Nigeria

Sani Muhammed Otto, Falaiye Adeniran Oluwasesan, Oladiran Johnson Abimbola, Ahmed Abdullahi Sule, Aisha Ademoh Bello, Danyarima Abubakar Abdullahi, Abe Ayoola, Olanrewaju Bukola Dada.

Abstract
The study investigated the quarterly variations in surface refractivity for Ilorin, North-Central Nigeria. Meteorological data, including air temperature, atmospheric pressure, and relative humidity, were collected from January 2000 to December 2002 at NIMET, Ilorin Airport. These meteorological parameters were averaged over three-hour intervals to determine specific time periods: sunrise (6-8 AM local time), midday (12-2 PM local time), sunset (5-7 PM local time), and midnight (11 PM-1 AM local time). The refractivity was then computed using the collected data. Notably, the quarterly surface refractivity was observed to be higher during the sunrise hours (0600-0800) compared to other quarterly hours (midnight, midday, and sunset). Additionally, variations in surface refractivity were primarily influenced by changes in relative humidity (moisture content). These findings provide valuable insights for predicting the effects of propagation on terrestrial communication links.

Key words: Atmosphere, Troposphere, Refractivity, Atmospheric Parameters, Weather

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How to Cite this Article

Pubmed Style

Otto SM, Oluwasesan FA, Abimbola OJ, Sule AA, Bello AA, Abdullahi DA, Ayoola A, Dada OB. Quarterly hour variation of surface refractivity and its relation to some atmospheric parameters in Ilorin, North-central Nigeria. Equijost. 2024; 11(1): 1-10. doi:10.5455/EQUIJOST.161008

Web Style

Otto SM, Oluwasesan FA, Abimbola OJ, Sule AA, Bello AA, Abdullahi DA, Ayoola A, Dada OB. Quarterly hour variation of surface refractivity and its relation to some atmospheric parameters in Ilorin, North-central Nigeria. https://www.equijost.com/?mno=161008 [Access: June 25, 2025]. doi:10.5455/EQUIJOST.161008

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Otto SM, Oluwasesan FA, Abimbola OJ, Sule AA, Bello AA, Abdullahi DA, Ayoola A, Dada OB. Quarterly hour variation of surface refractivity and its relation to some atmospheric parameters in Ilorin, North-central Nigeria. Equijost. 2024; 11(1): 1-10. doi:10.5455/EQUIJOST.161008

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Otto SM, Oluwasesan FA, Abimbola OJ, Sule AA, Bello AA, Abdullahi DA, Ayoola A, Dada OB. Quarterly hour variation of surface refractivity and its relation to some atmospheric parameters in Ilorin, North-central Nigeria. Equijost. (2024), [cited June 25, 2025]; 11(1): 1-10. doi:10.5455/EQUIJOST.161008

Harvard Style

Otto, S. M., Oluwasesan, . F. A., Abimbola, . O. J., Sule, . A. A., Bello, . A. A., Abdullahi, . D. A., Ayoola, . A. & Dada, . O. B. (2024) Quarterly hour variation of surface refractivity and its relation to some atmospheric parameters in Ilorin, North-central Nigeria. Equijost, 11 (1), 1-10. doi:10.5455/EQUIJOST.161008

Turabian Style

Otto, Sani Muhammed, Falaiye Adeniran Oluwasesan, Oladiran Johnson Abimbola, Ahmed Abdullahi Sule, Aisha Ademoh Bello, Danyarima Abubakar Abdullahi, Abe Ayoola, and Olanrewaju Bukola Dada. 2024. Quarterly hour variation of surface refractivity and its relation to some atmospheric parameters in Ilorin, North-central Nigeria. Equity Journal of Science and Technology, 11 (1), 1-10. doi:10.5455/EQUIJOST.161008

Chicago Style

Otto, Sani Muhammed, Falaiye Adeniran Oluwasesan, Oladiran Johnson Abimbola, Ahmed Abdullahi Sule, Aisha Ademoh Bello, Danyarima Abubakar Abdullahi, Abe Ayoola, and Olanrewaju Bukola Dada. "Quarterly hour variation of surface refractivity and its relation to some atmospheric parameters in Ilorin, North-central Nigeria." Equity Journal of Science and Technology 11 (2024), 1-10. doi:10.5455/EQUIJOST.161008

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Otto, Sani Muhammed, Falaiye Adeniran Oluwasesan, Oladiran Johnson Abimbola, Ahmed Abdullahi Sule, Aisha Ademoh Bello, Danyarima Abubakar Abdullahi, Abe Ayoola, and Olanrewaju Bukola Dada. "Quarterly hour variation of surface refractivity and its relation to some atmospheric parameters in Ilorin, North-central Nigeria." Equity Journal of Science and Technology 11.1 (2024), 1-10. Print. doi:10.5455/EQUIJOST.161008

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

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